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Toxoplasma gondii & Human Phenotype

Compendium of Known Effects and Ongoing Research

clonal lineages

Toxoplasma gondii infection in cancer patients: Prevalence, risk factors, genotypes and association with clinical diagnosis

October 9, 2015 20,093 Comments
Cong, W., Liu, G. H., Meng, Q. F., Dong, W., Qin, S. Y., Zhang, F. K., Zhang, X. Y., Wang, X. Y., Qian, A. D.,
Cancer Letters 2015; 359: 307-313
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Prevalence of human infection with Toxoplasma gondii has been increasing in China due to the increasing number of cats. However, little is known of the epidemiology of T. gondii infection in different cancer patient groups. Thus, a case-control study of 900 cancer patients and 900 controls was conducted to detect anti-T. gondii antibodies by ELISA in China. Genomic DNA was extracted from the diseased tissues of 510 patients and the T. gondii B1 gene was amplified using a semi-nested PCR. DNA samples giving positive B1 amplification were then genetically characterized using multi-locus PCR-RFLP. The prevalence of anti-T. gondii IgG in cancer patients (35.56%) was significantly higher than that in controls (17.44%). The highest T. gondii seroprevalence was detected in lung cancer patients (60.94%), followed by cervical cancer patients (50%), brain cancer patients (42.31%) and endometrial cancer patients (41.67%). Exposure with soil and consumption of raw/undercooked meat were significantly associated with T. gondii infection in cancer patients. Three T. gondii genotypes (ToxoDB#9, ToxoDB#10 and Type I variant) were identified. In conclusion, T gondii infection is a severe problem in cancer patients and it is imperative that improved integrated measures should be conducted to prevent and control T gondii infection in cancer patients.

Tagged: america, antibodies, cancer-patients, china, clonal lineages, comprise, europe, genetic-characterization, genotype, oocysts, pregnant women, prevalence, risk factors, strains, Toxoplasma gondii

Physical health

Seroprevalence and genetic characterization of Toxoplasma gondii in cancer patients in Anhui Province, Eastern China

October 6, 2015 14 Comments
Wang, L., He, L. Y., Meng, D. D., Chen, Z. W., Wen, H., Fang, G. S., Luo, Q. L., Huang, K. Q., Shen, J. L.
Parasites & Vectors 2015; 8.
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Background: Recent studies have indicated the predominance of Toxoplasma gondii genotype Chinese 1 in animals in China. However, little is known of the genetic features of the parasite in humans. This study aims to determine the prevalence of anti-T. gondii antibodies based on which the genetic character of the parasite was identified in cancer patients in China. Methods: A total of 1014 serum samples with malignant neoplasms were collected from six tertiary-care hospitals (HAUCM, APH, HAMU, XAH, FHH and HBMC) from January, 2012 to August, 2013. Antibodies against T. gondii were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Blood samples were subsequently used for PCR assay to detect T. gondii DNA (gra6). The DNA positive samples were subjected to genotyping using a multiplex multilocus nested PCR-RFLP at 10 loci, including sag1, sag2, sag3, btub, gra6, l358, c22-8, c29-2, pk1 and apico. Samples from the patients were anonymous and only data with regard to age and gender was available at sample collection. Results: Overall, 8.38% (85/1014) of the examined patients showed positive antibodies against T. gondii. Among them, 61 (6.02%) were seropositive only for IgG, 16 (1.58%) were only for IgM, and 8 (0.79%) were found to be positive for both IgG and IgM. The seroprevalence of antibodies to Toxoplasma ranged from 5.8% to 11.0%, without regional difference (x(2) = 4.764, P = 0.445). No significant differences of the positive rates of T. gondii infection were noted in genders (male, 8.96%; female, 7.45%) (x(2) = 0.707, P = 0.400) and in ages (x(2) = 1.172, P = 0.947). Of 1014 DNA samples, 36 (3.55%) were positive for T. gondii by nested PCR at gra6 locus and nine gave rise to complete genotyping results. All samples with achieved PCR-RFLP genotyping showed a common genetic character of type Chinese 1 (ToxoDB#9). Conclusion: Seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis in immunosuppressed individuals is rarely reported in China and we presented a positive rate of 8.38% in cancer patients. Toxoplasma genomic DNA genotyping demonstrated a common genetic character of Chinese 1, indicating a possible pathogenic origin of animals in human infection.

Tagged: cancer-patients, china, clinical findings, clonal lineages, congenital toxoplasmosis, Epidemiology, genotype, genotyping, infection, population, pregnant women, risk factors, seroprevalence, Toxoplasma gondii, united-states

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