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Toxoplasma gondii & Human Phenotype

Compendium of Known Effects and Ongoing Research

schizophrenia patients

Latent Toxoplasma gondii infection is associated with decreased serum triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio in male patients with schizophrenia

May 3, 2018
Sagud, M. Vlatkovic, S. Strac, D.S. Sviben, M. Zivkovic, M. Vilibic, M. Vuksan-Cusa, B. Mihaljevic-Peles, A. Pivac, N.
Compr. Psychiat. 2018; 82: 115-120
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Previous studies suggested a complex association between Toxoplasma gondii (TG) infection and host lipid metabolism Both TG infection and metabolic disturbances are very common in patients with schizophrenia, but this relationship is not clear. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we evaluated the association between TG seropositivity, serum lipid levels, body mass index (BMI) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in 210 male inpatients with schizophrenia. Results: In our sample of schizophrenia patients, with the mean age of 43.90 +/- 12.70 years, the rate of TG seropositivity was 52.38% and the prevalence of MetS was 17%. Patients with the TG antibodies had lower serum triglyceride levels and body weight compared to TG seronegative patients, despite having more frequently received antipsychotics (clozapine, olanzapine risperidone and quetiapine), which are well known to induce weight gain and metabolic abnormalities. However, the only significant change in metabolic parameters, observed in TG seropositive patients with schizophrenia, was decreased serum triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio. No associations were observed between TG seropositivity and serum total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and glucose levels, waist circumference, BMI and the rate of MetS. Conclusion: This is the first report of the association between TG infection and decreased serum triglyceride to HDL-C ratio in a sample of carefully selected men with chronic schizophrenia.

Tagged: body mass index, metabolic syndrome, schizophrenia patients, serum lipid indices, toxoplasma gondii infection

Mental health

Association between latent toxoplasmosis and clinical course of schizophrenia – continuous course of the disease is characteristic for Toxoplasma gondii-infected patients

October 9, 2015 14 Comments
Celik, T., Kartalci, S., Aytas, O., Akarsu, G. A., Gozukara, H., Unal, S.
Folia Parasitologica 2015; 62
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The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between various clinical aspects of schizophrenia and seropositivity against Toxoplasma gondii (Nicolle et Manceaux, 1908). We selected 94 patients with schizophrenia and investigated the seropositivity rate for anti-T. gondii IgG antibodies by ELISA. Clinical parameters of schizophrenic patients such as illness type and status, clinical course, awareness of the illness and need for electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) were compared with their serological status. Anti-T. gondii IgG antibodies were detected in 43 (46%) of schizophrenic patients. Chronic patients had a rate of 34 (72%) seropositivity, whereas 9 (22%) of the patients with partial remission showed evidence of latent toxoplasmosis. Of continuous patients, 35 (81%) were found to be seropositive and this rate was significantly more than in the other groups. The rate of latent toxoplasmosis was detected significantly higher in patients who lack awareness of schizophrenia (36, i.e. 72%) than the patients who were aware of their illnesses (7, i.e. 16%). Anti-T. gondii IgG antibodies were detected in 38 (70%) of ECT performed patients while this percentage was 13% in the ones who had never been treated with ECT. This difference was also statistically significant. We showed that Toxoplasma-infected subjects had 15x higher probability of having continuous course of disease than Toxoplasma-free subjects. Our results put forth the possibility of latent toxoplasmosis to have a negative impact on the course of schizophrenia and treatment response of schizophrenic patients.

Tagged: agents, antibodies, cell-cultures, CMV, Dopamine, individuals, mechanism, mice, prognosis, risk factors, schizophrenia patients, serology, toxoplasmosis

Mental health

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